Otra visión de la esquizofrenía

Proyecto Retrats

¿Puede el arte ayudar a las personas con enfermedad mental?

¿Podemos acercarnos a las personas con esquizofrenia sin prejuicios ni ideas preconcebidas?

¿Cuáles son los sueños de estas personas?

¿Qué piensan?, ¿qué les da miedo?, ¿cómo ven el futuro?

Estas y otras preguntas son las que trató de responder el proyecto Retrats, oficialmente presentado por el laboratorio farmacéutico Brainpharma del Grupo Ferrer, hace unos años, en el marco del XIII Congreso Nacional de Psiquiatría que se ha celebrado en Madrid.

Retrats es un proyecto que nace con la firme voluntad de acercarse a las personas que sufren esquizofrenia con un solo propósito: Escucharlas.

Lluís Gracia sufre esquizofrenia desde hace más de 30 años, ha pasado parte de su enfermedad internado en diversos centros psiquiátricos, donde descubrió el mundo de la pintura. A lo largo de este tiempo, ha realizado más de 5.000 cuadros y en los últimos años, se dedica a realizar talleres de pintura para ayudar a otras personas en su misma situación. Lluís no es un profesor al uso, no se basa en grandes contenidos teóricos, no pretende hacer terapia, y sin embargo, sus alumnos encuentran en sus clases un espacio de libertad y de identificación que les ayuda a mejorar y a comunicarse mejor.

Para reflejar la experiencia vivida por estas personas a través de este taller, se ha desarrollado una página web, en la que se recogen testimonios y vídeos sobre las personas que han formado parte de esta iniciativa.

Este proyecto ha culminado con un documental, Retrats. Retrats es una producción de Ninots PC, en coproducción con Dokia Films, y cuenta con la colaboración del laboratorio farmacéutico Brainpharma del Grupo Ferrer, las asociaciones AREP (Asociación por la Rehabilitación del Enfermo Psíquico) y FECAFAMM (Federación catalana de asociaciones de familiares y personas con problemas de salut mental), el Instituto de Cultura de Barcelona (ICUB), el Distrito de Sant Andreu del Ajuntament de Barcelona , Solidarity Films y Tatou Video.

Opiniones de los asistentes de las proyección de Retrats que se realizó el día 12 de noviembre.

“Me parece interesante la participación activa de los pacientes, su interactuar y sobre todo el empoderamiento y aumento de la autoestima que logran en esta modalidad terapéutica.”  Dr. Eduardo Escobar – Médico Psiquiatra Jefe del Servicio de Psiquiatría de Adultos del Complejo Hospitalario Metropolitano de la Caja del Seguro Social en la Ciudad de Panamá.

“Sean mis primeros comentarios de felicitaciones por el éxito que han tenido con el documental.  Me parece muy productivo que los pacientes se identifiquen con el terapeuta, el cual también padece de esquizofrenia, esto le da más seguridad y confianza al paciente para exteriorizar su sentimiento a través de la creatividad y podemos observar los diferentes cambios que su estado anímico basal a través del arte; sería interesante implementar esta dinámica en otros centros de atención.”  Dra Marisol Orozco – Médico Psiquiatra

“Este documental brinda relieve al sentido y pertinencia del abordaje multidisciplinario que recomiendan los diversos organismos internacionales de salud en sus directrices para el tratamiento de las enfermedades mentales, de cara a mejorar la calidad de vida y promover la integración del paciente en los planos intrapsíquico e interacciónal; las artes plásticas son un medio idóneo para el desarrollo de la expresión creativa del individuo.” Dr. José Hurtado – Psicólogo Clínico

“Luego de haber visto el documental Retrats pude obtener otra visión de los pacientes con esquizofrenia, ya que muchas veces sólo podemos verlos de manera intrahospitalaria y con sintomatología aguda. Fue muy interesante ver como poco a poco y con el pasar del tiempo los pacientes proyectaban en sus pinturas sus sentimientos, y conocer un poco más de ellos a través del documental.  Es una iniciativa excelente, la cual debe difundirse a nivel mundial, ya que estos pacientes son seres humanos y son capaces de ser útiles.  De esta forma se puede reducir también la estigmatización a la cual se les somete, incluso hasta por sus familiares.”  Dra. Waldys Castillo – Médico Residente en Psiquiatría

“Fue muy bonito el enfoque. En ocasiones asumimos que la presencia de síntomas negativos en nuestros pacientes esquizofrénicos es indicativo de que no tienen la necesidad de pertenecer a algún grupo social o que las alteraciones cognitivas conllevan a la no comprensión de las dimensiones de su enfermedad.  Creo que de alguna manera el auge del enfoque psicofarmacológico nos ha desviado, descuidando este aspecto en nuestros pacientes.  Fue refrescante y alentador obtener tales resultados y aprenderlo directo de un paciente. Fue un aporte de sabiduría y humildad.”  Dra. Astevia Montalvan – Médico Residente en Psiquiatría

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